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<div id="m4sedaowg009" class="nr_main_box"> <h1 class="inside_rnewtil">數(shù)字接地電阻的測(cè)量方法？</h1> <div id="m4sedaowg009" class="inside_rnewtime">點(diǎn)擊次數(shù)：1152 更新更新時(shí)間：2021-09-20</div> <div id="m4sedaowg009" class="inside_rnewcon"><p><strong>數(shù)字接地電阻的測(cè)量方法？</strong><br/></p><p style="text-indent: 0px;"><span style="text-indent: 30px;">康登</span><span style="color: rgb(24, 24, 24); font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 30px;">電力專業(yè)生產(chǎn)</span>接地電阻測(cè)試儀<span style="color: rgb(24, 24, 24); font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 30px;">（又稱</span>數(shù)字式接地電阻儀<span style="color: rgb(24, 24, 24); font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 30px;">）下面就我簡(jiǎn)單介紹接地電阻儀幾種使用方法？</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(24, 24, 24); font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; font-size: 15px; text-indent: 2em;">一、深度方法的變化</span><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">這些替代方法之一是深度變化，或三點(diǎn)法。在這里，接地電阻測(cè)量與接地棒深度的增量增加相關(guān)地重復(fù)。這種技術(shù)迫使更多的測(cè)試電流通過(guò)深層土壤，并且可以注意到每個(gè)深度的電阻率變化。驅(qū)動(dòng)桿還可以確認(rèn)安裝過(guò)程中可以驅(qū)動(dòng)多深。然而，一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)是桿在被驅(qū)動(dòng)時(shí)可能會(huì)振動(dòng)，從而減少與土壤的接觸并使真實(shí)視電阻率的轉(zhuǎn)換不太準(zhǔn)確。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">深度變化法提供了有關(guān)桿附近土壤的有用信息，通常取桿長(zhǎng)度的 5 到 10 倍。對(duì)于大面積區(qū)域，在代表性位置進(jìn)行多次測(cè)試以繪制橫向變化是有用的，這樣最終接地網(wǎng)就不會(huì)安裝在電阻率高于該區(qū)域的土壤中。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">所關(guān)注的電阻被指*為r 1。進(jìn)行一系列三個(gè)兩點(diǎn)測(cè)量，作為被測(cè)電極與兩個(gè)輔助電極中的每一個(gè)之間的電阻，指*為r 2 和r 3。這三個(gè)測(cè)量結(jié)果將是r 12 = r 1 + r 2等。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">測(cè)試棒的電阻可以計(jì)算為：</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">r 1 = [r 12 – r 23 + r 13 ] /2。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">如果輔助電極的電阻明顯高于測(cè)試電極，這將大大放大測(cè)試結(jié)果的誤差。因此，電極需要相距足夠遠(yuǎn)，以最小化相互電阻。在使用的距離不足的情況下，有時(shí)可以計(jì)算出諸如零電阻和負(fù)電阻之類的荒謬情況。因此，輔助桿與試驗(yàn)桿的距離應(yīng)至少為試驗(yàn)桿深度的三倍。輔助桿應(yīng)被驅(qū)動(dòng)到與測(cè)試桿相同的深度，甚至更小。這種方法可能難以應(yīng)用于大型系統(tǒng)和需要高精度的地方，因此可能選其他方法。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">二、四點(diǎn)法</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">一次使用四點(diǎn)法比較困難，主要是涉及更多的空間和更長(zhǎng)的線索。在其粗略的形式中，該方法需要一個(gè)電流源和一個(gè)電位計(jì)或高阻抗電壓表。但是現(xiàn)代儀器在幫助操作員減少步驟和消除錯(cuò)誤方面已經(jīng)變得非常復(fù)雜。一些儀器甚至在屏幕上繪制設(shè)置并執(zhí)行伴隨的數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算。但是，在獲取測(cè)試儀器時(shí)必須記住的一件事是它必須是四端子模型。存在三端子測(cè)試儀，用于執(zhí)行接地電阻測(cè)試。對(duì)于電阻率測(cè)試，必須使用四端子模型。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">三、溫納法</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">迄今為止，應(yīng)用*泛的四點(diǎn)法是溫納法。這在之前的文章中已經(jīng)描述過(guò)，這里只涉及到。適用的測(cè)試儀具有開(kāi)爾文電橋配置。兩個(gè)外部電流端子通過(guò)土壤施加測(cè)試電流。兩個(gè)內(nèi)部電壓端子測(cè)量它們之間的電壓降，電流和電壓參數(shù)用于計(jì)算電壓探頭之間的電阻，然后顯示在顯示屏上。四個(gè)探頭等距分布。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">然后使用溫納公式 2πaR（其中a是電壓探針之間的距離）來(lái)計(jì)算電阻率，通常以 Ω-cm 為單位，但如果需要，也可以使用其他長(zhǎng)度單位。這是平均土壤電阻率的深度一。全溫納公式較為復(fù)雜，但簡(jiǎn)化前述如果1/20的探針深度日的一個(gè)被使用。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">通過(guò)系統(tǒng)地改變a，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)所謂的垂直勘探。也就是說(shuō)，可以繪制不同深度電阻率的變化，有助于識(shí)別基巖等重大變化。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">盡管普遍使用，溫納方法有兩個(gè)缺點(diǎn)。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">1. 兩個(gè)內(nèi)部（電位）電極之間相對(duì)較大的間距會(huì)導(dǎo)致電位幅度下降。這可能看起來(lái)違反直覺(jué)，但請(qǐng)記住，測(cè)量電壓降所依據(jù)的測(cè)試電流向各個(gè)方向擴(kuò)散，而不是像電線那樣呈直線?，F(xiàn)代測(cè)試儀的靈敏度不斷提高，這有助于減輕這一缺點(diǎn)。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">2. 第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn)是溫納法需要移動(dòng)所有四個(gè)探頭才能測(cè)量不同的深度。探頭間距較大時(shí)，來(lái)回走動(dòng)會(huì)變得令人望而卻步。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">四、斯倫貝謝方法</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">使用<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; text-indent: 32px;">斯倫貝謝</span>方法，內(nèi)部（電勢(shì)）探頭放置得更近。然后僅移動(dòng)外部探頭以計(jì)算不同深度的電阻率。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">如果探頭的深度 ( b ) 與間距 ( c和d )相比保持較小且c大于 2 d，則可以計(jì)算電阻率：</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">ρ = πc( c + d ) R/d</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">這會(huì)產(chǎn)生近似深度 [2 c + d ]/2 的視電阻率，即從測(cè)試中心到外部電流探頭的距離。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">通過(guò)使用與先前設(shè)置成 90 度的探針重復(fù)測(cè)試，可以獲得對(duì)兩種方法結(jié)果的信心。讀數(shù)應(yīng)該基本相同。這將有助于消除來(lái)自水管、巨石、電力線等的地下干擾，以免過(guò)度影響測(cè)量。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">五、比較方法</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">深度變化法可通過(guò)以下公式計(jì)算電阻率：</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">ρ a =[R2πl(wèi)]/[ln(4l/r)-1]</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">對(duì)于測(cè)試棒被驅(qū)動(dòng)到的每個(gè)長(zhǎng)度 ( l ) ，測(cè)得的電阻值R確定視電阻率值ρ a。這里，r只是被測(cè)桿的半徑，并且相對(duì)于l保持很小。將R與l作圖可以直觀地幫助確定地球電阻率與深度的關(guān)系。更深層的良好導(dǎo)電性對(duì)于有效和可靠的閃電和故障清除是優(yōu)選的，因?yàn)楸砻鎸?dǎo)電性可能不穩(wěn)定。并且如前所述，深度的變化會(huì)產(chǎn)生測(cè)試棒周圍相對(duì)較小區(qū)域的數(shù)據(jù)。收集大網(wǎng)格的數(shù)據(jù)最好采用四點(diǎn)法。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">同樣，四點(diǎn)法的結(jié)果可以繪制為測(cè)量的視電阻率與電極間距的關(guān)系。土壤結(jié)構(gòu)可以從得到的曲線中估計(jì)出來(lái)，但現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作人員已經(jīng)建立了一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)規(guī)則來(lái)幫助識(shí)別層。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">• 曲率的中斷或變化表示另一層。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">• 下層的深度取為發(fā)生拐點(diǎn)處的電極間距的三分之二。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">• 可以遵循五個(gè)公理：</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">1. 計(jì)算出的視電阻率始終為正。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">2. 當(dāng)實(shí)際電阻率隨深度增加或減少時(shí)，視電阻率隨探頭間距增加或減少。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">3. 視電阻率的最大變化發(fā)生在探頭間距大于實(shí)際電阻率發(fā)生相應(yīng)變化的深度處。因此，視電阻率的變化總是繪制在探頭間距的右側(cè)，對(duì)應(yīng)于實(shí)際電阻率的變化。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">4. 曲線幅值始終小于或等于實(shí)際電阻率對(duì)深度曲線的幅值。</p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24);"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;">5. 在多層模型中，厚層實(shí)際電阻率的變化會(huì)導(dǎo)致視電阻率曲線的類似變化。</p><p style="text-align: center"><img style="max-width:800px;max-height:300%;" src="https://img76.chem17.com/9/20210920/637677201630523037131.png" title="X4IDE$3CRPJKP[E~J~~4GSY.png" alt="X4IDE$3CRPJKP[E~J~~4GSY.png"/></p><p style="margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 微軟雅黑, Arial, 宋體; color: rgb(24, 24, 24); text-indent: 2em;"><br/></p></div> <div id="m4sedaowg009" class="inside_newsthree"> <p id="newsprev">上一篇：<b class="newsprev"><a href="/Article-2788724.html">LDHLR100SD手持式回路電阻測(cè)試儀簡(jiǎn)介</a></b></p> <p id="newsnext">下一篇：<b class="newsnext"><a href="/Article-2785367.html">高低壓開(kāi)關(guān)柜通電試驗(yàn)臺(tái)特點(diǎn) 技術(shù)參數(shù) 與使用與維護(hù)</a></b></p> <span><a href="/article.html">返回列表>></a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>    <div 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